Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993

FMLA covers approximately 115 million workers at 200,000+ worksites. An estimated 56% of workers are eligible for FMLA leave. Employers report compliance costs averaging $21 per employee annually. Workers who take FMLA leave are 15% less likely to receive public assistance compared to those denied leave. The Act has reduced employee turnover costs estimated at $5 billion annually.

Between 1993 and 2023, an estimated 460 million leaves have been taken under FMLA. Over 60% of FMLA leaves are taken for the employee's own serious health condition. Parental bonding leave usage has increased steadily, with fathers' participation rising from 12% to 25%. The Act has been particularly important for low-income workers, though the unpaid nature remains a significant barrier to usage.

The Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division has investigated over 50,000 FMLA complaints. Employers found in violation face back pay, reinstatement, and liquidated damages. Federal courts have issued over 3,000 FMLA opinions. Several states have enacted their own paid family leave laws building on FMLA's framework.