Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
1987-09-16
1988-04-21
Summary
The Montreal Protocol is widely considered the most successful international environmental agreement. It phases out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances including chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). The 2016 Kigali Amendment extends the Protocol to phase down hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), potent greenhouse gases.
Parties
U.S. Implementing Legislation
Clean Air Act, Title VI
42 U.S.C. §§ 7671–7671q
Implements the Montreal Protocol by phasing out production and importation of ozone-depleting substances and establishing a recycling program.
American Innovation and Manufacturing Act of 2020
42 U.S.C. §§ 7675
Implements the Kigali Amendment by authorizing EPA to phase down HFC production and consumption.
Key Cases
NRDC v. EPA, 464 F.3d 1 (D.C. Cir. 2006) — EPA's authority to regulate ozone-depleting substances under the Clean Air Act