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New Jersey

New Jersey state laws, regulations, court decisions, and active legislation

Capital: TrentonPopulation: 9,288,994
Federal & State Law Editorial TeamLast reviewed: April 2026

Overview

New Jersey has one of the most protective legal systems for tenants, workers, and consumers in the nation. The state's Anti-Eviction Act provides some of the strongest tenant protections anywhere, requiring just cause for eviction and giving tenants an indefinite right to remain. New Jersey legalized recreational cannabis in 2020 and has among the strictest gun laws in the country.

The state's legal system is heavily influenced by its dense population, high cost of living, and proximity to New York City and Philadelphia. New Jersey's legal landscape includes strong environmental regulations (particularly for industrial cleanup), comprehensive employment protections, and a sophisticated court system.

Court Structure

New Jersey has a unified court system established by its 1947 constitution. It includes municipal courts, the Tax Court, the Superior Court (with trial divisions: Law, Chancery, and Family), the Appellate Division of the Superior Court, and the New Jersey Supreme Court. The Chief Justice assigns judges and manages the system — considered one of the most efficient and well-organized court systems in the nation.

Unique Laws & Facts

  • New Jersey's Anti-Eviction Act gives tenants an indefinite right to remain as long as they pay rent
  • The state's gun laws include a mandatory 3.5-year prison sentence for illegal handgun possession
  • New Jersey has no self-serve gasoline — attendants must pump gas by law
  • The state was the first to legislatively abolish the death penalty post-1976
  • New Jersey's CEPA (Conscientious Employee Protection Act) is one of the strongest whistleblower laws

Legal Landscape

New Jersey's legal landscape is characterized by exceptionally strong tenant protections, strict firearms regulations, comprehensive environmental cleanup requirements, and robust worker protections. The state's dense population and industrial history create unique legal challenges in environmental remediation, land use, and transportation law.

Key New Jersey Laws (24)

New Jersey Cannabis Regulatory, Enforcement Assistance, and Marketplace Modernization Act (CREAMMA)

New Jersey legalized recreational marijuana in 2020 with retail sales starting in 2022. Possession limit is 6 ounces. No home cultivation allowed. Unique excise fee instead of sales tax. Strong social equity provisions. Employers cannot discriminate for off-duty use but may prohibit workplace impairment.

§ 24:6I-33cannabiscriminal
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Unlawful Possession of Weapons – Firearms Regulations

New Jersey has some of the strictest gun laws in the nation. A permit is required for each handgun purchase, and a carry permit requires justifiable need. Assault weapons and magazines over 10 rounds are banned. Illegal handgun possession carries a mandatory 3.5-year prison sentence.

§ 2C:39-5firearmscriminal
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Anti-Eviction Act – Tenant Protections

New Jersey's Anti-Eviction Act only allows eviction for specific listed reasons — tenants cannot be evicted just because a lease expires. Security deposits capped at 1.5 months' rent with mandatory interest. Over 100 municipalities have rent control. Among the strongest tenant protections nationally.

§ 2A:18-61.1tenant rightshousing
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Minimum Wage and Earned Sick Leave

New Jersey's minimum wage is $15.13/hour with annual CPI adjustments. All employers must provide earned sick leave — one hour for every 30 hours worked, up to 40 hours per year — usable for illness, family care, or situations involving domestic violence.

§ 34:11-56a4labor employmentemployee rightsminimum wage
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Driving While Intoxicated (DWI)

New Jersey treats DWI (BAC 0.08+) as a traffic offense, not a crime. First offenses bring fines, possible jail, license suspension, and ignition interlock. Penalties escalate sharply for repeat offenses, with 180 days jail and 8-year license loss for a third DWI.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 39:4-50duicriminaltraffic
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Simple and Aggravated Assault

New Jersey combines assault and battery. Simple assault is a disorderly persons offense (misdemeanor) with up to 6 months jail. Aggravated assault — with weapons, serious injury, or against officers — can be a second-degree crime with 5-10 years prison.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2C:12-1assaultcriminal
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Aggravated Assault (Battery)

New Jersey calls battery aggravated assault. Penalties depend on degree: 10-20 years for first-degree, 5-10 for second-degree, 3-5 for third-degree, up to 18 months for fourth-degree. The No Early Release Act often requires serving 85% of the sentence.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2C:12-1(b)batterycriminal
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Possession of Controlled Dangerous Substances

New Jersey criminalizes possession of controlled substances without a prescription. Possessing cocaine, heroin, or meth is a third-degree crime (3-5 years prison). Recreational marijuana up to 6 oz is legal for adults 21+. Pretrial intervention is available.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2C:35-10drugscriminal
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Theft — Grading

New Jersey theft is graded by value: under $200 is a disorderly persons offense; $200-$500 is fourth-degree; $500-$74,999 is third-degree; $75,000+ is second-degree (5-10 years prison). Restitution mandatory. Stealing vehicles or firearms has special grading.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2C:20-2theftcriminal
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Grounds for Divorce

New Jersey allows no-fault divorce based on irreconcilable differences (6+ months) or 18-month separation, plus fault grounds like adultery and cruelty. One year of residency is required (none for adultery). Courts handle equitable distribution and family matters.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:34-2divorcefamily
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Best Interest of the Child — Custody

New Jersey custody decisions follow the child's best interest, weighing 14 statutory factors including parental cooperation, child relationships, domestic violence history, and child preference if mature. Joint legal custody is favored. Mediation is mandatory.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 9:2-4custodyfamily
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Child Support Guidelines

New Jersey uses an income shares model for child support based on combined net income, number of children, and parenting time. Sole and Shared Parenting Worksheets address overnight time. Adjustments for health insurance and child care apply.

N.J. Court Rules App. IX-Achild supportfamily
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Minimum Wage

New Jersey's standard minimum wage is $15.13 per hour as of 2024, with annual CPI adjustments. Smaller, seasonal, and agricultural employers have separate phased rates. Tipped workers receive $5.26 in cash wages plus tips up to the full minimum.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 34:11-56a4minimum wageemployment
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At-Will Employment Doctrine

New Jersey is an at-will employment state but has strong exceptions. The Conscientious Employee Protection Act (CEPA) is among the broadest whistleblower laws nationally. The Law Against Discrimination protects many categories. Handbooks may create contracts.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 34:19-3at will-employmentemployment
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Earned Sick Leave

New Jersey requires nearly all employers to provide accrued paid sick leave at 1 hour per 30 worked, up to 40 hours per year. Workers can use it for personal or family illness, domestic violence, school events, or public health emergencies. Retaliation is prohibited.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 34:11D-2paid leaveemployment
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Security Deposits

New Jersey caps residential security deposits at 1.5 months' rent. Deposits must be held in interest-bearing accounts with annual notice to the tenant. Landlords must return deposits within 30 days with itemized deductions, or face double damages and attorney fees.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 46:8-21.1security deposithousingtenant rights
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Anti-Eviction Act

New Jersey's Anti-Eviction Act is among the most tenant-protective laws nationally, allowing eviction only for specific causes like nonpayment, lease violations, or owner conversion. Notice periods range from 3 days to 18 months. Self-help eviction is illegal.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:18-61.1evictionhousingtenant rights
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New Jersey Revised Uniform Limited Liability Company Act

New Jersey LLCs form by filing a Certificate of Formation with the Division of Revenue. Members get limited liability protection. Annual reports and fees are required. Partnership and corporate tax treatment options affect annual costs.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 42:2C-18llcbusiness
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Consumer Fraud Act

New Jersey's Consumer Fraud Act is one of the strongest in the nation. Consumers can recover automatic treble damages plus attorney fees for any deceptive practice causing ascertainable loss, even if unintentional. Civil penalties up to $20,000 per violation.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 56:8-2deceptive practicesconsumer
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New Jersey Lemon Law

New Jersey's lemon law covers new vehicles for 24 months or 24,000 miles. After 3 failed repair attempts on the same defect or 20 days out of service, consumers can demand a replacement or refund. The state Lemon Law Unit provides binding arbitration.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 56:12-29lemon lawconsumer
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Intestate Succession

New Jersey intestate law: spouse takes everything if all kids are also the spouse's. Otherwise, spouse gets the first 25% (between $50K and $200K) plus half. Domestic partners and civil union partners have spousal rights. No heirs means escheat to state.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 3B:5-3probateestate
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Execution of Wills

A valid New Jersey will must be written, signed by the testator (18+, of sound mind), and witnessed by 2 people. Holographic wills (in testator's handwriting) are valid without witnesses. Harmless error doctrine allows defective documents to be probated with clear evidence of intent.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 3B:3-2willsestate
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Speed Limits

New Jersey's maximum speed limit is 65 mph on the Turnpike and Parkway, 55 mph on other highways, 25 mph in business and residence districts. Drivers can be cited for unsafe speed below the limit. Twelve+ points trigger license suspension.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 39:4-98speedingtraffic
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Small Claims Court Jurisdiction

New Jersey small claims court (Special Civil Part) handles disputes up to $5,000. Attorneys are allowed but not required. Hearings are informal and same-day. Appeals go to the Appellate Division. Strong enforcement tools are available for judgments.

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:6-43small claimscivil procedure
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This is legal information, not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change frequently. Always verify current law with official sources and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction for advice on your specific situation.