All Treaties

Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works

RatifiedConventioncopyrightintellectual-propertyinternational-ip
Date Adopted

1886-09-09

U.S. Ratification

1989-03-01

Summary

The Berne Convention establishes minimum standards for copyright protection, including automatic protection without registration, minimum terms of protection (life plus 50 years), and the principle of national treatment. The U.S. was a late adherent, joining in 1989 after decades of relying on the Universal Copyright Convention, partly because Berne's prohibition of registration formalities conflicted with U.S. copyright registration requirements.

Parties

181 States Parties

U.S. Implementing Legislation

Berne Convention Implementation Act of 1988

Pub. L. 100-568, 17 U.S.C. §§ 101 et seq.

Amended U.S. copyright law to comply with Berne Convention requirements, including eliminating mandatory copyright notice and clarifying the role of registration.

Key Cases

Golan v. Holder, 565 U.S. 302 (2012) — Congress may extend copyright protection to foreign works previously in the public domain to comply with Berne obligations

Related Treaties