United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA)
2018-11-30
2020-01-29
Summary
The USMCA replaced NAFTA as the governing trade agreement among the three North American nations. It modernized trade rules covering digital trade, intellectual property, labor standards, environmental protections, and automotive rules of origin. The agreement includes a 16-year sunset clause with a joint review every six years, and strengthened labor provisions requiring Mexico to implement labor reforms.
Parties
U.S. Implementing Legislation
United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act
Pub. L. 116-113, 19 U.S.C. §§ 4501 et seq.
Implements the USMCA into U.S. law, modifying tariff schedules, establishing enforcement mechanisms, and creating the Interagency Labor Committee.
Key Cases
Various USMCA Chapter 31 dispute settlement panels — Rapid Response Labor Mechanism cases involving Mexican automotive facilities
Related Treaties
Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization
1994-04-15 · Ratified
Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
1886-09-09 · Ratified
Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
1970-06-19 · Ratified
U.S.–U.K. Bilateral Investment Treaty (Model BIT Example)
2012-04-20 · Ratified