U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit

857 F.3d 554 (4th Cir. 2017)

Upheld a preliminary injunction against President Trump's revised travel ban executive order, finding that it likely violated the Establishment Clause. The en banc court examined whether the executive order was motivated by anti-Muslim animus based on the President's public statements. Later vacated by the Supreme Court in Trump v. Hawaii.

849 F.3d 114 (4th Cir. 2017)

Upheld Maryland's Firearm Safety Act banning assault weapons and large-capacity magazines, holding that these weapons are not protected by the Second Amendment because they are 'weapons of war.' The en banc decision applied intermediate scrutiny and found the law substantially related to Maryland's interest in public safety.

941 F.3d 88 (4th Cir. 2019)

Examined the scope of mine safety regulations under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act. The court addressed whether certain workplace safety violations constituted 'significant and substantial' hazards warranting enhanced penalties and mandatory corrective action.