U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit

772 F.3d 388 (6th Cir. 2014)

Upheld state bans on same-sex marriage in Michigan, Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee, creating a circuit split that led the Supreme Court to grant certiorari in Obergefell v. Hodges. Judge Sutton's majority opinion applied rational basis review and deferred to democratic processes.

631 F.3d 266 (6th Cir. 2010)

Held that individuals have a reasonable expectation of privacy in the contents of their email accounts, and the government must obtain a warrant based on probable cause before compelling email service providers to turn over email contents. A landmark digital privacy decision predating Carpenter v. United States.